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Climate change has increased crop vulnerability to emerging and re-emerging plant diseases, posing significant challenges for agricultural sustainability. Although synthetic chemical pesticides have long been effective for disease control, their extensive use is increasingly questioned because of environmental contamination, pathogen resistance, and potential risks to human and ecosystem health. Consequently, plant disease management (PDM) is shifting toward more sustainable and integrated approaches. Future strategies are expected to incorporate multiple disciplines, including: (i) biological control and microbiome engineering to enhance natural plant defense mechanisms; (ii) advanced molecular and genomic technologies, such as CRISPR\u002FCas systems, RNA interference (RNAi), and epigenome editing, to develop durable disease resistance; (iii) smart delivery systems for the precise application of antimicrobial compounds and defense elicitors; (iv) nanotechnology-based platforms for the targeted delivery of nutrients, pesticides, and biocontrol agents, improving efficacy while reducing chemical inputs; (v) digital and precision agriculture technologies, including remote sensing, unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), and artificial intelligence (AI)-based diagnostics, to facilitate real-time disease surveillance and targeted interventions; and (vi) agroecological practices such as crop diversification, soil health restoration, and climate-smart farming to enhance agroecosystem resilience. These innovations aim not only to suppress plant pathogens but also to build sustainable, adaptive, and resilient agricultural systems that address future environmental and biological challenges.","可持续的植物病害管理对于维持农业生产力、环境健康和全球粮食安全至关重要。气候变化加剧了作物对新发和再发植物病害的脆弱性，给农业可持续性带来了重大挑战。尽管合成化学农药长期以来在病害防控中行之有效，但其广泛使用正日益受到质疑，原因包括环境污染、病原菌抗药性以及对人类和生态系统健康的潜在风险。因此，植物病害管理（plant disease management, PDM）正转向更加可持续和综合的途径。未来的策略预计将融合多个学科，包括：(i) 生物防治和微生物组工程，以增强植物天然防御机制；(ii) 先进的分子和基因组技术，如CRISPR\u002FCas系统、RNA干扰（RNAi）和表观基因组编辑，以培育持久抗病性；(iii) 用于精准施用抗菌化合物和防御诱导子的智能递送系统；(iv) 基于纳米技术的平台，用于靶向递送养分、农药和生物防治剂，在提高功效的同时减少化学投入；(v) 数字和精准农业技术，包括遥感、无人机（UAVs）和基于人工智能（AI）的诊断，以促进实时病害监测和靶向干预；以及(vi) 农业生态实践，如作物多样化、土壤健康恢复和气候智慧型农业，以增强农业生态系统的韧性。这些创新不仅旨在抑制植物病原菌，还旨在构建可持续、适应性强且具有韧性的农业系统，以应对未来的环境和生物挑战。","Sustainability","2026-10-20T00:00:00Z","论文",81,{"impact":18,"substance":94,"depth":95,"authority":96,"freshness":97,"relevant":21,"comment":98},20,18,13,8,"系统综述可持续植物病害管理六大技术方向，涵盖AI诊断、纳米递送与基因编辑，对智慧农业与绿色防控具参考价值。",[100],{"name":89,"url":86},[102,103,27,104,105,106],"智慧农业","精准农业","植物病害","生物防治","纳米技术",{"code":108,"slug":109,"name":110,"path":111,"parent_code":112},"F4","crop-protection","农药与绿色防控","\u002Ftopic\u002Finputs-equipment\u002Fcrop-protection","F",[],{"status":115,"locked":14,"version":33,"method":34,"evidence":116},"classified",{"candidates":117,"agricultural_evidence":40},[118,124,130,137,144,151,158,164,170],{"code":119,"score":97,"supported":40,"title":120,"abstract":121,"tags":123},"I1",[],[103,122],"precision agriculture",[102,103],{"code":108,"score":125,"supported":40,"title":126,"abstract":127,"tags":129},7,[],[128,105],"农药",[105],{"code":131,"score":81,"supported":40,"title":132,"abstract":133,"tags":136},"A8",[],[134,135],"粮食安全","food security",[],{"code":138,"score":81,"supported":40,"title":139,"abstract":140,"tags":143},"H2",[],[141,142],"土壤","soil",[],{"code":145,"score":81,"supported":40,"title":146,"abstract":147,"tags":150},"H7",[],[148,149],"气候变化","climate change",[],{"code":152,"score":81,"supported":40,"title":153,"abstract":154,"tags":157},"I3",[],[155,156],"遥感","remote sensing",[],{"code":159,"score":69,"supported":40,"title":160,"abstract":161,"tags":163},"H6",[],[162],"农业生态",[],{"code":165,"score":69,"supported":40,"title":166,"abstract":167,"tags":169},"I2",[],[168],"artificial intelligence",[],{"code":62,"score":21,"supported":14,"title":171,"abstract":172,"tags":173},[],[],[27],[175,176],"CRISPR RNAi 作物抗病","基因编辑 智慧农业 植物病害 生物防治","CRISPRRNAi作物抗病-5480",0,"10.3390\u002Fsu182010661",{"doi":179,"openalex_id":181,"authors":182,"venue":89,"cited_by_count":178,"oa_url":86,"card":207,"direction":211,"ingested_from":213},"W7223044776",[183,186,189,192,195,198,201,204],{"name":184,"orcid":185},"Karim M. 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1](https:\u002F\u002Fp3-sign.toutiaoimg.com\u002Ftos-cn-i-axegupay5k\u002F2f838c5a05bc48648a3504d88dd3c0fa~tplv-tt-origin-web:gif.jpeg?_iz=58558&from=article.pc_detail&lk3s=953192f4&x-expires=1792714398&x-signature=TpmA9tu3QhbOTlSSFIQDOAOHDg8%3D)\n\n种子储存一直是种业的一大难题。经过近十年研究，科研人员发现影响水稻种子寿命的关键基因。它就像种子体内一面“分子盾牌”，可以调整种子内部脂肪酸的构成，减轻种子细胞的氧化损伤，延缓种子衰老变质，延长存活时间。该基因最早来源于野生稻，是水稻适应高温潮湿储存环境保留下来的天然优势，如今大多保留在籼稻当中，在粳稻驯化过程中慢慢丢失了。\n\n科研人员将该基因导入常见粳稻品种里，结果显示，普通粳稻种子储存半衰期提升27%，杂交稻提升15%，且产量、长势等主要性状不会受到影响。此外，该基因应用于拟南芥、烟草等不同植物中也同样有效，未来有希望用到更多农作物的耐储存改良工作中。\n\n该研究得到国家自然科学基金、浙江省自然科学基金和中国农业科学院科技创新工程等项目支持。\n\n原文链接：  \nhttps:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1126\u002Fsciadv.aeg8609","中国水稻研究所 今日头条 2026年10月12日","2026-10-12T02:05:00Z",88,{"impact":330,"substance":331,"depth":95,"authority":39,"freshness":81,"relevant":21,"comment":332},26,23,"国家级科研团队在《Science 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