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buckwheat为题在国际期刊Cell发表,首次构建苦荞泛基因组并定位关键适应性位点,为高海拔特色杂粮育种提供新路径。","[English](https:\u002F\u002Fwww.caas.cn\u002Fen)[邮箱](https:\u002F\u002Fmail.caas.cn\u002F)[数字农科院](https:\u002F\u002Fi.caas.cn\u002F)[](https:\u002F\u002Fcaas.cn\u002Fcms\u002Fweb\u002Fsearch\u002Findex.jsp?siteID=cdb01dceb46e48488945d4465e90f221&aba=)\n\n官方微信 \n\n![Image 1](https:\u002F\u002Fcaas.cn\u002Fimages\u002F2023-01\u002F020ac4d3d8b6451782a8702c72604336.jpg)农科专家在线微信公众号\n\n![Image 2](https:\u002F\u002Fcaas.cn\u002Fimages\u002F2023-01\u002Fbf6579e4651e437db31a22cd2249b319.jpg)中国农科院微信公众号\n\n[![Image 3](https:\u002F\u002Fcaas.cn\u002Fstatic2022\u002Fimages\u002Fmenu_logo.png)](https:\u002F\u002Fcaas.cn\u002Findex.htm)\n\n*   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作者：杨舒\n\n字体[小](https:\u002F\u002Fcaas.cn\u002Fxwzx\u002Fmtxw\u002Fdd8540c871fe401b9e0e74424c8dccc5.htm)[中](https:\u002F\u002Fcaas.cn\u002Fxwzx\u002Fmtxw\u002Fdd8540c871fe401b9e0e74424c8dccc5.htm)[大](https:\u002F\u002Fcaas.cn\u002Fxwzx\u002Fmtxw\u002Fdd8540c871fe401b9e0e74424c8dccc5.htm)\n\n野生苦荞产自高原，但经长期人工驯化，粒大高产的栽培苦荞再也无法适应“故乡”。这个问题怎么解决？为此，中国农业科学院[作物科学研究所](http:\u002F\u002Fics.caas.cn\u002F)杂粮作物功能成分挖掘与新品种选育创新团队联合国内外科研力量，找回了苦荞丢失的高原适应性基因，并创制出兼具高海拔适应性和大粒高产特性的苦荞新种质，让苦荞未来得以重返高原。近日，相关论文发表于国际期刊《细胞》。\n\n苦荞是荞麦属中重要的栽培物种，生育期短，耐寒、耐瘠薄，对高海拔山区的冷凉环境具有较强适应力。在水稻、小麦和玉米等大宗作物难以稳定生长的地区，苦荞长期承担着补充口粮、抵御灾荒和丰富膳食的重要作用。同时，其营养价值独特，除了淀粉、蛋白质、膳食纤维外，还富含芦丁、槲皮素等黄酮类物质。如今，它的开发利用已拓展至苦荞茶、苦荞面、代餐食品和特色发酵产品，并进一步延伸至营养保健及医疗健康相关产品，逐渐成为大健康产业的重要特色资源。对于高原和高寒山区而言，发展苦荞不仅有助于丰富食物来源和改善膳食结构，也能够带动特色农产品加工和地方产业发展。\n\n原本的野生苦荞在海拔4500米的高原地区能够正常开花结实，但籽粒小、产量低。经过驯化与人工选择，人们在低海拔地区培育出籽粒更大、产量更高的栽培苦荞，但当这些品种重新被种植到高原上，却明显适应性不足。由此，研究团队开展多年的野生荞麦资源调查，构建苦荞泛基因组，最终找到苦荞适应高原环境的关键基因。研究显示，该基因在所有栽培苦荞中完全缺失，它可以减轻紫外线和低温胁迫对苦荞造成的DNA损伤，维持基因组稳定和基因表达，从而增强苦荞对高海拔复合胁迫的耐受能力。\n\n找回野生苦荞适应高海拔环境的关键基因，只解决了“能不能生长”的问题。要进一步实现高海拔地区苦荞的稳产增产，还必须回答另一个问题：能不能结出更大的籽粒？为此，研究团队进一步锁定调控籽粒大小的基因座。至此，高原适应和大粒高产两条遗传线索终于清晰。团队进一步通过杂交、回交和分子标记辅助选择，将这些基因精准聚合，创制出兼具高海拔适应性和大粒高产特性的苦荞新种质。\n\n业界专家表示，这一成果为破解作物改良中“环境适应性与产量难以兼得”的难题提供了新思路，也为其他利用野生种质资源改良面临极端环境胁迫的作物提供了重要参考。\n\n(单位: 中国农业科学院作物科学研究所)\n\n打印本页\n\n关闭本页\n\n[院网信息发布与管理](https:\u002F\u002Fcaas.cn\u002Fywxxfbygl\u002Findex.htm)[最新动态](https:\u002F\u002Fcaas.cn\u002Fywxxfbygl\u002Findex.htm)\n\n*   [新型预测框架助力小麦育种降本增效](https:\u002F\u002Fcaas.cn\u002Fxwzx\u002Fkyhd\u002F64e83ccdab5c432e90d4dc3461f47743.htm)2026-08-13  \n*   [[光明网]野生苦荞能上4500米，栽培的咋不行？科学家找回丢失的基因](https:\u002F\u002Fcaas.cn\u002Fxwzx\u002Fmtxw\u002F4276d3bed2294defacae7a24a602bce7.htm)2026-08-12  \n*   [泛基因组研究揭示黄瓜\"走遍全球\"的基因秘密](https:\u002F\u002Fcaas.cn\u002Fxwzx\u002Fkyhd\u002F1583ba500276409a9de0b852e1214852.htm)2026-08-12  \n*   [花生抗青枯病种质实现抗病优质聚合新突破](https:\u002F\u002Fcaas.cn\u002Fxwzx\u002Fkyhd\u002F2234b1e6560d4b92ba362f575c37dfdd.htm)2026-08-12  \n*   [[CCTV-17]《中国三农报道》【国产加工番茄全链升级调查】链条重构 新疆加工番茄从出口依赖转向深耕国内市场](https:\u002F\u002Fcaas.cn\u002Fxwzx\u002Fmtxw\u002Fa79ce7ab4cbc49b0ab854cd005413773.htm)2026-08-12  \n*   [[CCTV-17]《中国三农报道》【国产加工番茄全链升级调查】种源破局 优质国产品种实现80%替代](https:\u002F\u002Fcaas.cn\u002Fxwzx\u002Fmtxw\u002Fe403eda1ee5145ab8b51da0c421741e5.htm)2026-08-12  \n*   [[科技日报]我团队创制出适应高原的高产苦荞新种质](https:\u002F\u002Fcaas.cn\u002Fxwzx\u002Fmtxw\u002F6c28ac6e91624e74aaed82e53f1a55ff.htm)2026-08-12  \n*   [构建苦荞泛基因组 找回苦荞中丢失的“高原密码”](https:\u002F\u002Fcaas.cn\u002Fxwzx\u002Ftpxw\u002F2a36a8ce6a0844adaadd8aff36bfe467.htm)2026-08-11  \n*   [[中央广播电视总台-中国之声]控制西瓜籽大小的“总开关”被找到！西瓜籽还能多小？](https:\u002F\u002Fcaas.cn\u002Fxwzx\u002Fmtxw\u002F5d4cb375b151485faa72a308a45d2ec1.htm)2026-08-11  \n*   [习近平就哥伦比亚发生强烈地震向哥伦比亚总统德拉埃斯普列亚致慰问电](https:\u002F\u002Fcaas.cn\u002Fxwzx\u002Fszyw\u002F71088e6843f242f9b3ae352659ce123f.htm)2026-08-11  \n\n*   [](https:\u002F\u002Fcaas.cn\u002Fxwzx\u002Fspnk\u002Findex.htm)[视频农科](https:\u002F\u002Fcaas.cn\u002Fxwzx\u002Fspnk\u002Findex.htm) \n*   [](https:\u002F\u002Fcaas.cn\u002Ftzgg\u002Findex.htm)[通知公告](https:\u002F\u002Fcaas.cn\u002Ftzgg\u002Findex.htm) \n*   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2026-08-13","2026-08-13T00:00:00Z",90,{"impact":17,"substance":18,"depth":19,"authority":142,"freshness":80,"relevant":22,"comment":190},"重大科研突破，发表于Cell，权威性高，但时效性稍差。",[192],{"name":186,"url":183},[27,28,29,31,194],"高原适应性",[],{"status":197,"locked":41,"version":42,"method":43,"evidence":198},"unclassified",{"candidates":199,"agricultural_evidence":14,"reason":208},[200,204],{"code":53,"score":22,"supported":41,"title":201,"abstract":202,"tags":203},[],[],[29],{"code":58,"score":22,"supported":41,"title":205,"abstract":206,"tags":207},[],[],[28],"缺少足够的主题证据",[210,211],"中国农科院 高原适应性 泛基因组 苦荞","中国农科院 高原适应性","中国农科院高原适应性泛基因组苦荞-693","2026-08-18T23:59:16.707608Z",{"id":215,"title":216,"url":217,"summary":218,"summary_zh":8,"content":219,"source_name":220,"source_url":8,"published_at":11,"category":221,"cover_url":8,"hotness":13,"is_selected":14,"score":222,"score_detail":223,"sources":225,"tags":227,"primary_topic":229,"secondary_topics":233,"classification":234,"search_phrases":247,"slug":250,"view_count":251,"doi":8,"paper":8,"created_at":252},510,"Pangenome-guided breeding restores high-altitude adaptation and improves yield in Tartary buckwheat","https:\u002F\u002Fwww.cell.com\u002Fcell\u002Ffulltext\u002FS0092-8674(26)00867-6","中国农业科学院作物科学研究所周美亮研究员、兰州大学刘建全教授、中国农业科学院刘旭院士等团队合作,在国际顶尖期刊Cell发表苦荞泛基因组研究。研究构建鞑靼荞麦(苦荞)的泛基因组,鉴定到赋予高海拔适应性的野生特有基因FtRNH以及调控种子大小的FtPLATZ基因结构变异。通过整合这些优良等位基因,培育出具有更强高海拔适应性和更高田间产量的荞麦品系,在高海拔条件下较对照品种增产约25%。该研究为弥补高海拔作物育种空白、提高喜马拉雅地区作物产量提供科学依据。","## Highlights\n\n•\n\nStructural variations are diverse between wild buckwheat and landraces\n\n•\n\nThe presence of _FtRNH_ in wild accessions is associated with high-altitude adaptability\n\n•\n\nStructural variations in _FtPLATZ_ are linked to seed-size variations\n\n•\n\nAn ideal highland buckwheat is developed by integrating superior alleles\n\n## Summary\n\nTartary buckwheat is a nutritionally important crop of the Himalayas and is crucial for local economies and food security. However, key genes and superior alleles for high-altitude adaptability and yield remain poorly defined, constraining the breeding of high-altitude buckwheat varieties. Here, we generated a telomere-to-telomere reference genome and a 16-accession pangenome spanning Himalayan wild populations and globally distributed landraces. We identified 123,131 non-redundant structural variations in 16 accessions, including gene copy-number variations. The graph-based pangenome revealed _FtRNH_, a wild-specific gene that enhances high-altitude adaptability. We also identified a copy-number variation at the _FtPLATZ_ locus and a 28-bp insertion in the _FtPLATZ3_ promoter that together contribute to seed-size variation across wild buckwheat and landraces. Leveraging these superior _FtRNH_ and _FtPLATZ_ alleles, we developed buckwheat lines with enhanced high-altitude adaptability and improved yields across sites. These findings establish a pangenome-guided strategy for recovering wild alleles and combining stress adaptation with yield improvement in crops.\n\n## Graphical abstract\n\n[![Image 1: Graphical abstract undfig1](https:\u002F\u002Fwww.cell.com\u002Fcms\u002F10.1016\u002Fj.cell.2026.07.035\u002Fasset\u002F80aae474-ddc8-4bf8-b4f6-f1785f4a7e67\u002Fmain.assets\u002Fga1.jpg)](https:\u002F\u002Fwww.cell.com\u002Fcms\u002F10.1016\u002Fj.cell.2026.07.035\u002Fasset\u002F7fe20e85-06aa-4295-abf7-e5e9111a7185\u002Fmain.assets\u002Fga1_lrg.jpg \"View full size image in a new tab\")\n\n## Keywords\n\n1.   [buckwheat](https:\u002F\u002Fwww.cell.com\u002Faction\u002FdoSearch?AllField=%22buckwheat%22&ISSN=0092-8674)\n2.   [pangenome](https:\u002F\u002Fwww.cell.com\u002Faction\u002FdoSearch?AllField=%22pangenome%22&ISSN=0092-8674)\n3.   [genetic breeding](https:\u002F\u002Fwww.cell.com\u002Faction\u002FdoSearch?AllField=%22genetic+breeding%22&ISSN=0092-8674)\n4.   [high-altitude adaptation](https:\u002F\u002Fwww.cell.com\u002Faction\u002FdoSearch?AllField=%22high-altitude+adaptation%22&ISSN=0092-8674)\n5.   [Himalayan region](https:\u002F\u002Fwww.cell.com\u002Faction\u002FdoSearch?AllField=%22Himalayan+region%22&ISSN=0092-8674)\n\n[![Image 2: Cell home. Opens in new tab](https:\u002F\u002Fwww.cell.com\u002Fpb-assets\u002Fux3\u002Flogos\u002Fcell\u002Fpaywall\u002Fcell_paywall-1758214380777.svg)](https:\u002F\u002Fwww.cell.com\u002Faction\u002FShowMarlinJournalHome?journalCode=cell \"Cell home. 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Genet._ 2012; **44**:821-824\n\n98.\n\nChen, S. ∙ Zhou, Y. ∙ Chen, Y. ...\n\n**fastp: an ultra-fast all-in-one","Cell 2026-08-11","论文",93,{"impact":141,"substance":141,"depth":129,"authority":142,"freshness":115,"relevant":22,"comment":224},"苦荞泛基因组研究重大突破，为高海拔适应性育种提供新策略，发表于Cell，具有重要农业科技价值。",[226],{"name":220,"url":217},[27,28,29,31,228],"高海拔适应",{"code":53,"slug":230,"name":231,"path":232,"parent_code":155},"tubers-grains","薯类与杂粮","\u002Ftopic\u002Ffield-crops\u002Ftubers-grains",[],{"status":40,"locked":41,"version":42,"method":43,"evidence":235},{"candidates":236,"agricultural_evidence":14},[237,243],{"code":53,"score":238,"supported":14,"title":239,"abstract":240,"tags":242},4,[],[241],"荞麦",[29],{"code":58,"score":22,"supported":41,"title":244,"abstract":245,"tags":246},[],[],[28],[248,249],"中国农科院 高海拔适应 泛基因组 苦荞","中国农科院 高海拔适应","中国农科院高海拔适应泛基因组苦荞-510",9,"2026-08-13T23:53:47.349302Z",{"id":254,"title":255,"url":256,"summary":257,"summary_zh":8,"content":8,"source_name":258,"source_url":8,"published_at":259,"category":12,"cover_url":8,"hotness":13,"is_selected":14,"score":260,"score_detail":261,"sources":264,"tags":266,"primary_topic":271,"secondary_topics":272,"classification":279,"search_phrases":296,"slug":299,"view_count":142,"doi":8,"paper":8,"created_at":300},304,"中国农科院郑州果树所西瓜甜瓜种质资源团队在《植物通讯》发表小籽西瓜新品种培育新路径——基于196份核心种质SV-GWAS分析","https:\u002F\u002Fwww.toutiao.com\u002Farticle\u002F7671183285841576483","近日,中国农业科学院郑州果树研究所西瓜甜瓜种质资源团队在《植物通讯》(Plant Communications)在线发表研究论文。研究人员通过对196份西瓜核心种质进行SV-GWAS(结构变异全基因组关联)分析,在西瓜六号染色体上定位出与小籽性状显著关联的关键结构变异位点,结合多年多点表型数据,首次在小籽西瓜育种中建立\"分子标记辅助+表型精准鉴定\"的高效选育技术路径,为我国特色优质西瓜新品种培育提供理论支撑与可操作育种工具。","中国农业科学院\u002F中国科学报 2026-08-07","2026-08-07T00:00:00Z",86,{"impact":262,"substance":262,"depth":19,"authority":142,"freshness":251,"relevant":22,"comment":263},22,"国家级科研机构在核心期刊发表小籽西瓜育种新路径，方法新颖，数据扎实，影响深远。",[265],{"name":258,"url":256},[27,267,268,269,270],"郑州果树所","小籽西瓜","SV-GWAS Plant Communications","西瓜种质资源",{"code":88,"slug":89,"name":90,"path":91,"parent_code":92},[273,278],{"code":274,"slug":275,"name":276,"path":277,"parent_code":92},"B2","fruit","果树","\u002Ftopic\u002Fhorticulture\u002Ffruit",{"code":33,"slug":34,"name":35,"path":36,"parent_code":37},{"status":40,"locked":41,"version":42,"method":43,"evidence":280},{"candidates":281,"agricultural_evidence":14},[282,288,292],{"code":88,"score":262,"supported":14,"title":283,"abstract":286,"tags":287},[284,285],"西瓜","甜瓜",[284,285],[],{"code":274,"score":109,"supported":14,"title":289,"abstract":290,"tags":291},[276],[276],[],{"code":33,"score":109,"supported":14,"title":293,"abstract":294,"tags":295},[50],[50],[],[297,298],"西瓜种质资源 中国农科院 郑州果树所 小籽西瓜","西瓜种质资源 中国农科院","西瓜种质资源中国农科院郑州果树所小籽西瓜-304","2026-08-08T23:53:55.433344Z",{"id":302,"title":303,"url":304,"summary":305,"summary_zh":8,"content":8,"source_name":306,"source_url":8,"published_at":307,"category":12,"cover_url":8,"hotness":13,"is_selected":14,"score":15,"score_detail":308,"sources":310,"tags":312,"primary_topic":315,"secondary_topics":316,"classification":317,"search_phrases":332,"slug":334,"view_count":20,"doi":8,"paper":8,"created_at":335},95,"全球首个绿豆图泛基因组发布——中国农业科学院作物科学研究所牵头的特色农作物优异种质创新成果","https:\u002F\u002Fwww.caas.cn\u002Fxwzx\u002Fmtxw\u002F202607\u002Ft20260729_6000615.htm","近日,中国农业科学院作物科学研究所特色农作物优异种质资源发掘与创新利用创新团队联合国内外单位,构建全球首个高质量绿豆图泛基因组,鉴定出调控绿豆黄酮合成和增强绿豆抗虫性的关键基因。相关成果发表在《自然·遗传学》(Nature Genetics)。","中国农业科学院 2026-07-29","2026-07-29T01:00:00Z",{"impact":17,"substance":104,"depth":19,"authority":142,"freshness":21,"relevant":22,"comment":309},"全球首个绿豆泛基因组，发表在Nature Genetics，重大科研突破，影响深远。",[311],{"name":306,"url":304},[27,313,28,314],"绿豆","种质创新",{"code":33,"slug":34,"name":35,"path":36,"parent_code":37},[],{"status":40,"locked":41,"version":42,"method":43,"evidence":318},{"candidates":319,"agricultural_evidence":14},[320,324,328],{"code":33,"score":47,"supported":14,"title":321,"abstract":322,"tags":323},[],[50],[],{"code":53,"score":22,"supported":41,"title":325,"abstract":326,"tags":327},[],[],[313],{"code":58,"score":22,"supported":41,"title":329,"abstract":330,"tags":331},[],[],[28],[333,64],"中国农科院 泛基因组 种质创新 绿豆","中国农科院泛基因组种质创新绿豆-95","2026-07-31T00:00:54.820073Z"]