[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"item-4935":3,"related-4935":87},{"id":4,"title":5,"url":6,"summary":7,"summary_zh":8,"content":9,"source_name":10,"source_url":8,"published_at":11,"category":12,"cover_url":8,"hotness":13,"is_selected":14,"score":15,"score_detail":16,"sources":22,"tags":24,"primary_topic":30,"secondary_topics":36,"classification":42,"search_phrases":82,"slug":85,"view_count":62,"doi":8,"paper":8,"created_at":86},4935,"中国农科院棉花所揭示角鲨烯合成协同促进棉花生长发育与抗逆性","https:\u002F\u002Fcricaas.com.cn\u002Fsylm\u002Fkyjz\u002Fc44ab2cf89bc44c682ab8105af99fbaf.htm","中国农业科学院棉花研究所棉花分子遗传改良创新团队在棉花角鲨烯生物合成及功能研究方面取得新进展,发现棉花角鲨烯合成关键基因GhSQS1能够提高棉花组织中的角鲨烯积累水平,并促进棉花生长发育,改善干旱和碱胁迫耐受性。相关成果发表于《实验植物学杂志》。过表达GhSQS1的代表性株系OE2叶片角鲨烯含量达989.1 mg\u002Fkg干重,较野生型提高约70%,叶片增大、根系发育改善、纤维伸长和种子增大。",null,"### 角鲨烯合成促进棉花生长发育与抗逆性\n\n发布时间:2026-10-14 来源 ：**棉花分子遗传改良创新团队**作者：**徐雅梦**\n\n近日，中国农业科学院棉花研究所棉花分子遗传改良创新团队在棉花角鲨烯生物合成及功能研究方面取得新进展，发现棉花角鲨烯合成关键基因 _GhSQS1_ 能够提高棉花组织中的角鲨烯积累水平，并促进棉花生长发育，改善干旱和碱胁迫耐受性，为棉花遗传改良与副产物高值化利用提供了新思路。相关成果以“GhSQS1-mediated squalene accumulation coordinates cotton development and stress resilience”为题，发表于国际植物科学期刊《实验植物学杂志（Journal of Experimental Botany）》上。\n\n棉花是重要的天然纤维作物，其棉叶、棉籽等副产物也具有较高的开发利用潜力。角鲨烯是一种具有较高应用价值的三萜类化合物，在化妆品、营养保健等领域具有广泛应用，同时也是植物甾醇及其他三萜类化合物生物合成的重要前体。然而，角鲨烯生物合成与棉花生长发育及逆境适应之间的关系尚不明确，其潜在调控机制仍有待深入研究。\n\n该研究发现适宜浓度的角鲨烯可促进棉花主根伸长和离体胚珠发育，并鉴定出棉花中角鲨烯合成关键基因 _GhSQS1_。进一步研究发现，过表达该基因伴随油菜素内酯相关代谢及信号通路变化，且显著提高棉花叶片角鲨烯含量，其中代表性株系OE2达到989.1 mg\u002Fkg干重，较野生型提高约70%，同时表现出叶片增大、根系发育改善、纤维伸长和种子增大等性状。在模拟干旱和碱胁迫条件下，过表达该基因的植株表现出较强的耐受能力，并伴随抗氧化能力增强和膜脂过氧化程度降低。此外，异源表达真菌来源角鲨烯合酶也获得了类似的促生长表型，表明增强角鲨烯合成有助于改善棉花发育。研究结果表明，增强角鲨烯生物合成与棉花生长发育及逆境适应能力改善之间的联系，为通过代谢工程协同改良作物性状与提高功能性天然产物积累提供了新思路，也为棉花副产物高值化利用提供了研究基础。\n\n该研究得到中国农业科学院青年创新专项、河南省自然科学基金、新疆维吾尔自治区重点研发计划、国家自然科学基金、国家现代农业产业技术体系等项目支持。中棉所徐雅梦、张志甜、刘乐和贾舒元为论文共同第一作者，李付广研究员和杨作仁研究员为共同通讯作者。\n\n原文链接：https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1093\u002Fjxb\u002Ferag424\n\n![Image 1: 未标题-1xiu.jpg](https:\u002F\u002Fcricaas.com.cn\u002Fimages\u002F2026-10\u002F790d9cb6eae848e29b5c94cf46779bc5.jpg)\n\n角鲨烯合成增强协同促进棉花生长发育、抗逆性及生物质高值化利用示意图\n\n打印本页\n\n关闭本页","中国农业科学院棉花研究所 2026 年 10 月 14 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Genetics,首次定位矮秆新种质AhTFL1和Ah12g032500","https:\u002F\u002Fwww.ebiotrade.com\u002Fnewsf\u002F2026-9\u002F20260916010630032.htm","9月15日,山东省农业科学院领导的国际研究团队构建了迄今为止最全面的花生遗传图谱,组装10个新参考级基因组并整合4个已发表基因组,涵盖栽培花生全部六个植物学变种;对来自87个国家和地区的2320份种质资源进行重测序,定位了两个与理想株型密切相关的重要基因(控制花位与株型的AhTFL1、矮化相关Ah12g032500),培育出高产矮秆花生新种质。万书波研究员、李国卫研究员等为通讯作者。","**编辑推荐：**\n\n近日，山东省农业科学院领导的国际研究团队构建了迄今为止最全面的花生遗传图谱，并利用这一新的基因组资源培育出高产矮杆花生新种质。\n\n栽培花生是一种重要的全球豆科作物，对粮食安全和营养有重大意义，特别是在发展中国家。然而，花生的遗传多样性有限，这阻碍了育种进展和产量提升。\n\n近日，山东省农业科学院领导的国际研究团队构建了迄今为止最全面的花生遗传图谱，并利用这一新的基因组资源培育出高产矮杆花生新种质。\n\n研究人员构建了栽培花生的图形泛基因组，并利用该基因组对来自87个国家和地区的2,320份种质资源进行了重测序。这项研究成果于9月15日发表在《Nature Genetics》杂志上。\n\n山东省农业科学院万书波研究员、李国卫研究员，河南省农业科学院张新友院士以及澳大利亚默多克大学作物与食品创新中心Rajeev K. Varshney教授为论文的通讯作者。\n\n![Image 1: 091601.png](https:\u002F\u002Fwww.ebiotrade.com\u002FEditor\u002Febioueditorasp\u002Fasp\u002Fupload\u002Fimage\u002F20260916\u002F17895406787145033.png)\n\n花生养活了数亿人口，是南亚和非洲地区重要的蛋白质和食用油来源。然而，由于花生在进化和驯化过程中遭遇了严重的遗传瓶颈，其遗传多样性较低，这意味着通过遗传多样性改良作物一直是育种者面临的长期难题。\n\n为了应对这一挑战，研究人员利用PacBio HiFi测序、Hi-C等技术组装了10个新的参考级基因组，并将其与4个已发表的基因组组装结果相整合，涵盖了栽培花生的全部六个植物学变种。\n\n随后，他们利用新的泛基因组对来自87个国家和地区的2,320份花生种质资源进行重测序。该样本集涵盖了国际半干旱热带作物研究所（ICRISAT）的大部分核心种质资源，以及美国农业部（USDA）超过一半的种质资源，代表了全球两大花生种质资源库的遗传广度。\n\n利用泛基因组框架，研究人员对两个与理想株型密切相关的性状（主茎开花和矮化）进行遗传分析，并发现了两个重要的基因。\n\n第一个基因AhTFL1控制着花朵的生长位置，进而决定植株的形状和荚果的形成方式。第二个基因Ah12g032500位于一段较大的染色体片段内，该片段曾与另一条染色体发生位置互换，这也是它在之前的测序工作中未能被检测到的原因。\n\n研究人员发现，Ah12g032500的沉默可降低植株高度和节间长度，从而为培育矮杆品种提供了契机。之后，他们进一步将泛基因组研究从遗传变异发现延伸到育种应用。\n\n利用这张新图谱，研究人员将天然矮杆花生与高产中国品种进行杂交，并筛选出携带最佳基因组合的后代。由此培育出新种质LuAi-1，植株高度约为亲本品种的一半，但在田间试验中，高密度种植时的产量却提高了约20%。\n\n这项研究表明，对于花生等复杂多倍体作物，泛基因组的价值不仅在于更全面地描述遗传多样性，更在于能够将传统线性参考基因组中“看不见”或难以准确解析的结构变异转化为可利用的育种资源。\n\n共同通讯作者、默多克大学的Rajeev Varshney教授表示：“半矮秆小麦和水稻品种的培育推动了绿色革命，拯救了全世界数百万人的生命，因为株型紧凑的植株往往更健壮，可以在更小的地块上更密集地种植，也更容易用机械收割。然而，花生却从未有过类似的品种。这项研究表明，培育矮秆品种不仅是可行的，还能显著提高花生的产量。”","山东省农业科学院\u002FAAAS","2026-09-17T00:00:00Z",94,{"impact":218,"substance":219,"depth":220,"authority":19,"freshness":221,"relevant":20,"comment":222},28,24,19,8,"构建栽培花生图形泛基因组并定位矮秆新基因，育成高产矮秆新种质，属种业领域重大突破，值得入选每日精选。",[224],{"name":214,"url":211},[25,26,226,57,227],"泛基因组","矮秆育种",{"code":38,"slug":39,"name":40,"path":41,"parent_code":35},[],{"status":43,"locked":14,"version":44,"method":45,"evidence":231},{"candidates":232,"agricultural_evidence":50},[233,237,243],{"code":38,"score":49,"supported":50,"title":234,"abstract":235,"tags":236},[57],[57],[57],{"code":73,"score":238,"supported":50,"title":239,"abstract":240,"tags":242},4,[],[241],"种质资源",[25],{"code":78,"score":244,"supported":14,"title":245,"abstract":246,"tags":247},2,[],[],[226,26],[249,250],"山东省农科院 花生 泛基因组","万书波 矮秆花生 AhTFL1","山东省农科院花生泛基因组-2884","2026-09-19T00:06:06.193871Z",{"id":254,"title":255,"url":256,"summary":257,"summary_zh":8,"content":8,"source_name":258,"source_url":8,"published_at":259,"category":12,"cover_url":8,"hotness":13,"is_selected":14,"score":260,"score_detail":261,"sources":264,"tags":266,"primary_topic":270,"secondary_topics":271,"classification":272,"search_phrases":293,"slug":296,"view_count":244,"doi":8,"paper":8,"created_at":297},2228,"棉花所联合西部农业研究中心发布全球首个棉花领域专属大语言模型\"棉芯1.0\"","https:\u002F\u002Fdy.163.com\u002Farticle\u002FL6HM1VUQ05199FC8.html","中国农业科学院棉花研究所联合西部农业研究中心8月下旬发布全球首个棉花领域专属知识大语言模型\"CottonMind1.0\",覆盖棉花种质资源、品种性状、栽培管理、加工利用等全产业链数据,标志着农业AI从通用模型向行业垂直深耕转向。","中国农业科学院 布瑞克农业数据","2026-09-10T16:00:00Z",85,{"impact":262,"substance":17,"depth":176,"authority":102,"freshness":88,"relevant":20,"comment":263},26,"全球首个棉花领域专属大语言模型，覆盖全产业链数据，标志农业AI向垂直深耕转型，产业级突破值得入选。",[265],{"name":258,"url":256},[267,268,25,269,27],"智慧农业","农业人工智能","大语言模型",{"code":31,"slug":32,"name":33,"path":34,"parent_code":35},[],{"status":43,"locked":14,"version":44,"method":45,"evidence":273},{"candidates":274,"agricultural_evidence":50},[275,279,283,288],{"code":31,"score":49,"supported":50,"title":276,"abstract":277,"tags":278},[27],[27],[27],{"code":73,"score":238,"supported":50,"title":280,"abstract":281,"tags":282},[],[241],[25],{"code":284,"score":244,"supported":14,"title":285,"abstract":286,"tags":287},"I2",[],[],[268,269],{"code":289,"score":20,"supported":14,"title":290,"abstract":291,"tags":292},"I1",[],[],[267],[294,295],"农业人工智能 大语言模型 智慧农业 种业振兴","农业人工智能 大语言模型","农业人工智能大语言模型智慧农业种业振兴-2228","2026-09-13T00:04:00.640632Z",{"id":299,"title":300,"url":301,"summary":302,"summary_zh":8,"content":8,"source_name":303,"source_url":8,"published_at":304,"category":12,"cover_url":8,"hotness":13,"is_selected":50,"score":305,"score_detail":306,"sources":309,"tags":311,"primary_topic":314,"secondary_topics":315,"classification":316,"search_phrases":331,"slug":334,"view_count":244,"doi":8,"paper":8,"created_at":335},2192,"中国农科院油料所攻克油菜抗病与优质协同改良难题 创制叶片高硫苷种子低硫苷新种质","https:\u002F\u002Fnews.qq.com\u002Frain\u002Fa\u002F20260910A0A88700","中国农业科学院油料作物研究所油料作物基因组学与抗病性改良创新团队联合国内外科研机构,创制出叶片超高硫苷、种子低硫苷的油菜新种质,实现油菜硫苷含量定向改良。相关成果发表在《分子园艺》。团队经十余年攻关,构建油菜泛基因组,绘制全球首张基因组结构变异全景图谱,系统鉴定出436个调控硫苷代谢的关键基因。利用基因编辑精准敲除硫苷转运基因,创制出叶片硫苷含量达49.4微摩尔\u002F克、种子硫苷含量降低70%以上且达国际双低标准的新种质。","中国农业科学院 2026年9月10日","2026-09-10T00:00:00Z",90,{"impact":262,"substance":307,"depth":18,"authority":19,"freshness":221,"relevant":20,"comment":308},23,"国家级科研机构在油菜抗病与品质协同改良上的重大突破，泛基因组与基因编辑数据扎实，具备产业级应用价值。",[310],{"name":303,"url":301},[25,26,122,312,313],"基因编辑","农业科技",{"code":38,"slug":39,"name":40,"path":41,"parent_code":35},[],{"status":43,"locked":14,"version":44,"method":45,"evidence":317},{"candidates":318,"agricultural_evidence":50},[319,323,327],{"code":38,"score":49,"supported":50,"title":320,"abstract":321,"tags":322},[122],[122],[122],{"code":78,"score":129,"supported":50,"title":324,"abstract":325,"tags":326},[],[312],[312,26],{"code":73,"score":20,"supported":14,"title":328,"abstract":329,"tags":330},[],[],[25],[332,333],"农业科技 基因编辑 生物育种 种业振兴","农业科技 基因编辑","农业科技基因编辑生物育种种业振兴-2192","2026-09-12T00:06:37.003449Z"]