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种质资源","苏牧4号杂交狼尾草制种技术-5043","2026-10-16T00:13:11.378107Z",{"id":321,"title":322,"url":323,"summary":324,"summary_zh":8,"content":325,"source_name":326,"source_url":8,"published_at":327,"category":12,"cover_url":8,"hotness":13,"is_selected":50,"score":328,"score_detail":329,"sources":332,"tags":334,"primary_topic":338,"secondary_topics":339,"classification":340,"search_phrases":358,"slug":361,"view_count":362,"doi":8,"paper":8,"created_at":363},4630,"上海市农科院锦系列黄桃全国推广超百万亩 覆盖华东、华中、西南","https:\u002F\u002Fwww.stdaily.com\u002Fweb\u002Fgdxw\u002F2026-10\u002F09\u002Fcontent_593119.html","上海市农业科学院林木果树研究所桃全产业链技术创新团队数十年深耕种质创新,成功选育锦绣、锦冠、锦春、锦园、锦香、锦花等梯次成熟的锦系列黄桃矩阵。锦冠2026年获国家植物新品种权,成熟期比锦绣提早20天,填补7月中旬至8月初优质黄桃市场空白。锦系列黄桃全国推广超百万亩,湖南炎陵带动6万余人从业、近4万桃农人均年增收1.2万元,福建建宁、上海奉贤、贵州玉屏等实现上海育种、全国种植、梯次上市格局。","研究表明，上海是优质桃的重要起源地，世界95%以上的优质栽培桃可追溯到“上海水蜜”，其甘甜多汁、香味浓郁、品质优良，衍生出的众多后代成为现代桃育种的骨干亲本。然而，手握得天独厚的种源家底，上海桃产业却一度受困于品种同质化、育种周期长等多重瓶颈。破解产业难题，关键在于种质资源自主可控。上海农科院桃团队数十年深耕种质创新，实现从资源保存到分子育种的系统性突破。\n\n团队系统收集保存“上海水蜜”、山桃、光核桃等特异种质资源，依托新技术将桃的香气、黄酮等拆解至分子层面，建成涵盖成熟期、抗病性、上百种风味物质的表型与基因型数据库，彻底告别传统“凭经验选苗”的粗放育种模式。针对果树育种周期长、筛选效率低的痛点，该团队融合全基因组分子标记辅助选择育种与传统杂交育种，大幅缩短优良单株筛选周期，成功选育出梯次成熟的“锦”系列黄桃矩阵。1973年，上海农科院科研人员选育出“锦绣”。2022年，“锦冠”通过上海市林木品种审定，并于2026年获得国家植物新品种权。\n\n上海农科院桃团队原负责人、研究员叶正文介绍，“锦冠”以“锦绣”为母本、“玉露蟠桃”为父本杂交培育而成，脆软双吃、纤维少。其成熟期比传统晚熟“锦绣”提早20天，精准填补7月中旬至8月初优质黄桃市场空白，成为种质创新落地的最新标志性成果。\n\n新品种进入产业，不能只靠品种本身。上海桃园普遍面临用工多、机械化程度不高、从业者老龄化显著等问题。上海农科院桃团队结合上海高温多雨、土壤黏重、果园作业难度大的实际情况，创新推广起垄栽培、暗排技术，破解桃园排水难与机械化作业的矛盾。团队还筛选适合本地作业的打药、割草、物料运输、精准施肥等方面的果园机械，集成宜机化建园、省力化修剪等配套技术，推动桃园机械化作业。\n\n在奉贤区黄桃采后保鲜方面，团队形成保鲜技术规程，有效延长了“锦绣”黄桃贮藏期，降低了鲜果物流损失率。团队研发的桃果实采后贮运保鲜技术，还助推山东“蒙阴蜜桃”走出国门，远销新加坡、阿联酋、俄罗斯等国。“对产业主体而言，采后技术带来的不仅是少损耗，更是长销售期、大市场和更稳定的商品价值。”上海农科院桃团队负责人李雄伟说。","科技日报 2026-10-09","2026-10-09T00:00:00Z",88,{"impact":330,"substance":188,"depth":230,"authority":84,"freshness":19,"relevant":22,"comment":331},26,"上海农科院锦系列黄桃全国推广超百万亩，涵盖种质创新、分子育种与宜机化栽培，产业级突破且信息增量充足，值得入选每日精选。",[333],{"name":326,"url":323},[27,29,335,336,337],"黄桃","分子育种","宜机化果园",{"code":32,"slug":33,"name":34,"path":35,"parent_code":36},[],{"status":44,"locked":14,"version":45,"method":46,"evidence":341},{"candidates":342,"agricultural_evidence":50},[343,348,354],{"code":32,"score":21,"supported":50,"title":344,"abstract":345,"tags":347},[],[346],"新品种权",[27,29],{"code":349,"score":110,"supported":50,"title":350,"abstract":351,"tags":353},"B2",[],[352],"果树",[335],{"code":39,"score":22,"supported":14,"title":355,"abstract":356,"tags":357},[],[],[336],[359,360],"上海农科院 锦系列 黄桃","锦冠 黄桃 新品种","上海农科院锦系列黄桃-4630",2,"2026-10-11T00:09:41.810157Z"]