[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"item-857":3,"related-857":78},{"id":4,"title":5,"url":6,"summary":7,"summary_zh":8,"content":9,"source_name":10,"source_url":8,"published_at":11,"category":12,"cover_url":8,"hotness":13,"is_selected":14,"score":15,"score_detail":16,"sources":24,"tags":26,"primary_topic":33,"secondary_topics":39,"classification":46,"search_phrases":72,"slug":75,"view_count":76,"doi":8,"paper":8,"created_at":77},857,"中国农科院植保所联合西部中心等发布棉花黄萎病新型病圃:全球最大48亩16隔离区,首次明确8种致病型其中4种侵染棉花","https:\u002F\u002Fcaas.cn\u002Fxwzx\u002Fmtxw\u002Fa4f6ba290a7b453aa6bedba59a290a67.htm","中国农科院植物保护研究所联合西部农业研究中心、辽宁省农科院经济作物研究所、石河子大学、新疆农科院植保所等多家单位,在新疆昌吉向科研院所高校、新疆自治区和新疆兵团农技推广系统及棉花育种企业等展示精准靶向黄萎病菌致病型新型病圃构建及棉花品种抗性鉴定与应用解决新方案。科研团队完成全国11000余株黄萎病菌系统收集鉴定,结合3624株大规模群体基因组学测序与遗传进化研究,首次明确黄萎病菌分化为8种致病型、侵染棉花的主要有4种;病圃2023年开始建设、总面积48亩、分16个隔离区,经三年连续播菌建成精准靶向各种致病型的新型病圃,是全球迄今面积最大、覆盖致病型最全的人工黄萎病病圃,已被纳入农业农村部主推技术。",null,"近日，中国农业科学院植物保护研究所联合中国农业科学院西部农业研究中心在新疆昌吉向科研院所高校、新疆自治区和新疆兵团农技推广系统及棉花育种企业等单位展示了精准靶向黄萎病菌致病型新型病圃构建及棉花品种抗性鉴定与应用解决新方案。\n\n科研团队通过全国农作物黄萎病菌菌种（11000余株）系统收集与鉴定，结合大规模群体基因组学测序（3624株）与遗传进化研究，首次明确了黄萎病菌分化为8种致病型，其中侵染棉花的主要有4种。\n\n根据黄萎病菌致病型组成特征，科研团队提出了精准靶向黄萎病菌致病型病圃构建思路，并与中国农业科学院西部农业研究中心、辽宁农业科学院经济作物研究所、石河子大学、新疆维吾尔自治区农业科学院植物保护研究所等国内多家科研院所和高校在老龙河试验站联合共建新型棉花黄萎病人工病圃。病圃于2023年开始建设，总面积达到48亩，分为16个隔离区，选取各致病型代表性菌株进行规模化扩繁并分别播入隔离区，历经三年连续播菌最终建成精准靶向黄萎病菌各种致病型的新型病圃。\n\n据科研团队介绍，该病圃是全世界迄今为止面积最大、覆盖致病型最全的人工黄萎病病圃，利用该病圃可以获得棉花对各种黄萎病菌致病型的抗性谱，具有广阔的应用前景。应用于抗性品种布局，可以根据各地田间黄萎病菌致病型检测结果，选择种植相应抗性的品种，解决品种田间抗性不稳的产业难题；解析棉花对不同致病型的抗性机制并挖掘抗病基因，应用于棉花抗黄萎病遗传改良；对抗不同致病型的棉花品种进行杂交选育，聚合选育抗多种致病型的品种；利用病圃黄萎病发病稳定的特征，应用于防控产品防效验证和评价；不同品种在病圃对不同致病型的病症差异显著，可用于棉花黄萎病无人机高光谱等早期监测预警技术研发与应用。同时，也将为其他作物黄萎病抗性特征鉴定、优异基因挖掘与遗传改良及早期监测预警提供平台支撑。\n\n据悉，该技术已被纳入农业农村部主推技术并依托项目“新疆棉花病虫害演替规律与全程绿色防控技术体系集成示范”在新疆棉区推广，为有效控制棉花黄萎病提供了有力技术支撑。","中国农业科学院 科技日报 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中国农科院植保所 棉花黄萎病 致病型鉴定","农业农村部主推技术 中国农科院植保所","农业农村部主推技术中国农科院植保所棉花黄萎病致病型鉴定-857",5,"2026-08-23T00:08:11.913294Z",{"total":79,"page":22,"page_size":79,"items":80},6,[81,142,185,225,355,389],{"id":82,"title":83,"url":84,"summary":85,"summary_zh":8,"content":86,"source_name":87,"source_url":8,"published_at":88,"category":12,"cover_url":8,"hotness":13,"is_selected":14,"score":89,"score_detail":90,"sources":96,"tags":98,"primary_topic":103,"secondary_topics":104,"classification":112,"search_phrases":136,"slug":139,"view_count":140,"doi":8,"paper":8,"created_at":141},411,"科研新发现:地膜微塑料破坏棉田根际微生态 加剧棉花黄萎病发生——河北省农科院植保所成果发表于Environmental Microbiome","https:\u002F\u002Fwww.farmer.com.cn\u002F2026\u002F08\u002F10\u002Fwap_991025691.html","河北省农林科学院植物保护研究所国家棉花产业技术体系棉花病害防控岗位科研团队揭示地膜微塑料加重棉花黄萎病发生的作用机制,成果发表于Environmental Microbiome。研究发现,地膜微塑料抑制棉花生长,高浓度处理下棉花出苗率和植株生物量均下降;0.5%-2.5%浓度LDPE微塑料使棉花黄萎病病情指数提高54.29%-71.67%,但土壤中黄萎病菌数量并未显著增加,说明病害加重并非病原菌增多,而是微塑料破坏土壤微生态平衡。研究揭示'地膜微塑料—土壤养分紊乱—根际微生物失衡—棉花黄萎病加重'的完整链条,建议在新疆、黄河流域等主产棉区将残膜减量回收、微塑料污染治理和根际微生态修复纳入综合防控体系。","长期以来，地膜覆盖为棉花稳产增产发挥了重要作用，但残膜不断破碎形成的微塑料会不会影响棉花健康，一直缺乏明确答案。近日，河北省农林科学院植物保护研究所国家棉花产业技术体系棉花病害防控岗位科研团队揭示了地膜微塑料加重棉花黄萎病发生的作用机制，为棉田残膜治理、土壤微生态修复和黄萎病综合防控提供了新的科学依据。相关成果发表于《Environmental Microbiome》。\n\n棉花黄萎病是危害棉花生产的重要土传病害。研究团队针对长期地膜覆盖条件下微塑料对棉田生态的影响开展系统研究，通过设置不同浓度低密度聚乙烯（LDPE）微塑料处理，分析棉花生长、土壤养分以及根际微生物变化情况。\n\n研究发现，地膜微塑料会抑制棉花生长，高浓度处理下，棉花出苗率和植株生物量均有所下降。更重要的是，研究首次证实，微塑料虽然没有显著增加土壤中黄萎病菌数量，但0.5%~2.5%浓度LDPE微塑料却会使棉花黄萎病病情指数提高54.29%~71.67%，说明病害加重并非病原菌增多，而是微塑料破坏了土壤微生态平衡。\n\n进一步研究表明，微塑料会改变土壤养分水平，干扰氮、硫等元素循环，并重塑棉花根际微生物群落结构。其中，真菌群落结构与功能紊乱是导致黄萎病加重的重要原因，细菌群落变化则主要与土壤养分失衡相关。研究揭示了“地膜微塑料—土壤养分紊乱—根际微生物失衡—棉花黄萎病加重”的完整链条，也解释了生产上长期存在的“土壤病菌基数不高，但病害逐年加重”现象。\n\n研究团队建议，在新疆、黄河流域等主产棉区，应将残膜减量回收、微塑料污染治理和根际微生态修复纳入棉花病害综合防控体系，通过改善土壤生态环境，从源头降低土传病害发生风险，促进棉花产业绿色高质量发展。","农民日报 2026-08-10","2026-08-10T09:00:00Z",88,{"impact":18,"substance":91,"depth":92,"authority":93,"freshness":94,"relevant":22,"comment":95},24,18,13,8,"科研新发现，揭示地膜微塑料加重棉花黄萎病机制，对棉田治理有重要指导意义，信息增量大，权威性高。",[97],{"name":87,"url":84},[99,100,101,27,102],"植保所","河北省农科院","地膜微塑料","土壤微生态",{"code":34,"slug":35,"name":36,"path":37,"parent_code":38},[105,111],{"code":106,"slug":107,"name":108,"path":109,"parent_code":110},"H2","soil","土壤健康与改良","\u002Ftopic\u002Fenvironment\u002Fsoil","H",{"code":41,"slug":42,"name":43,"path":44,"parent_code":45},{"status":47,"locked":48,"version":49,"method":50,"evidence":113},{"candidates":114,"agricultural_evidence":14},[115,122,126,130],{"code":106,"score":116,"supported":14,"title":117,"abstract":119,"tags":121},14,[118],"根际",[120,118],"土壤",[],{"code":34,"score":54,"supported":14,"title":123,"abstract":124,"tags":125},[56],[56],[27],{"code":41,"score":94,"supported":14,"title":127,"abstract":128,"tags":129},[62],[],[],{"code":131,"score":67,"supported":14,"title":132,"abstract":133,"tags":135},"A4",[],[134],"花生",[],[137,138],"河北省农科院 土壤微生态 地膜微塑料 棉花黄萎病","河北省农科院 土壤微生态","河北省农科院土壤微生态地膜微塑料棉花黄萎病-411",9,"2026-08-11T23:57:01.901771Z",{"id":143,"title":144,"url":145,"summary":146,"summary_zh":8,"content":8,"source_name":147,"source_url":8,"published_at":148,"category":12,"cover_url":8,"hotness":13,"is_selected":48,"score":149,"score_detail":150,"sources":153,"tags":155,"primary_topic":161,"secondary_topics":162,"classification":164,"search_phrases":180,"slug":183,"view_count":67,"doi":8,"paper":8,"created_at":184},2842,"中国农科院烟草所双金属人工水解酶开辟细菌性病害绿色防控新路径登Angewandte Chemie","https:\u002F\u002Fnews.qq.com\u002Frain\u002Fa\u002F20260917A03VJ100","近日,中国农业科学院烟草研究所烟草病虫害绿色防控创新团队成功研发一种新型双金属人工水解酶,可高效降解细菌生物膜并杀灭病原菌。团队将高活性铈引入金属有机框架,构建双金属人工水解酶,阐明其区别于天然酶的独特催化路径。该酶具有良好的生物安全性与环境稳定性,可精准切断细菌生物膜多糖骨架的化学键,瓦解细菌防护膜,清除率超80%,杀菌率超85%。该成果首次将人工水解酶应用于细菌生物膜靶向清除,为农作物绿色防控开辟新路径。","腾讯新闻 \u002F 中国农业科学院烟草研究所","2026-09-17T00:00:00Z",86,{"impact":151,"substance":151,"depth":92,"authority":116,"freshness":13,"relevant":22,"comment":152},22,"国家级科研机构在核心期刊发表的双金属人工水解酶成果，首次实现细菌生物膜靶向清除，数据扎实、时效性强，具备进入每日精选的价值。",[154],{"name":147,"url":145},[156,157,158,159,160],"绿色防控","农业科技","人工酶","烟草","生物膜",{"code":34,"slug":35,"name":36,"path":37,"parent_code":38},[163],{"code":41,"slug":42,"name":43,"path":44,"parent_code":45},{"status":47,"locked":48,"version":49,"method":50,"evidence":165},{"candidates":166,"agricultural_evidence":14},[167,171,175],{"code":34,"score":54,"supported":14,"title":168,"abstract":169,"tags":170},[159],[159],[159],{"code":41,"score":54,"supported":14,"title":172,"abstract":173,"tags":174},[156],[156],[156],{"code":176,"score":22,"supported":48,"title":177,"abstract":178,"tags":179},"H8",[],[],[156],[181,182],"农业科技 绿色防控 人工酶 生物膜","农业科技 绿色防控","农业科技绿色防控人工酶生物膜-2842","2026-09-18T00:03:28.675103Z",{"id":186,"title":187,"url":188,"summary":189,"summary_zh":8,"content":190,"source_name":191,"source_url":8,"published_at":192,"category":12,"cover_url":8,"hotness":13,"is_selected":48,"score":193,"score_detail":194,"sources":196,"tags":198,"primary_topic":201,"secondary_topics":202,"classification":204,"search_phrases":219,"slug":222,"view_count":223,"doi":8,"paper":8,"created_at":224},1556,"中国农业科学院烟草所：双金属人工酶开辟细菌性病害绿色防控新路径（Angewandte Chemie）","https:\u002F\u002Fwww.caas.cn\u002Fxwzx\u002Fkyhd\u002F59452b198605475b991f2f29d9ea6f61.htm","近日，中国农业科学院烟草研究所烟草病虫害绿色防控创新团队成功研发一种新型双金属人工水解酶，可高效降解细菌生物膜并杀灭病原菌。该酶将高活性铈引入金属有机框架，具有良好的生物安全性与环境稳定性，清除率超 80%、杀菌率超 85%。该成果突破传统杀菌剂依赖，首次将人工水解酶应用于细菌生物膜靶向清除，打破了细菌性病害缺乏特效药的产业困境，为农作物绿色防控开辟新路径。相关成果发表在《德国应用化学》（Angewandte Chemie International Edition）上。","[English](https:\u002F\u002Fwww.caas.cn\u002Fen)[邮箱](https:\u002F\u002Fmail.caas.cn\u002F)[数字农科院](https:\u002F\u002Fi.caas.cn\u002F)[](https:\u002F\u002Fwww.caas.cn\u002Fcms\u002Fweb\u002Fsearch\u002Findex.jsp?siteID=cdb01dceb46e48488945d4465e90f221&aba=)\n\n官方微信 \n\n![Image 2](https:\u002F\u002Fwww.caas.cn\u002Fimages\u002F2023-01\u002F020ac4d3d8b6451782a8702c72604336.jpg)农科专家在线微信公众号\n\n![Image 3](https:\u002F\u002Fwww.caas.cn\u002Fimages\u002F2023-01\u002Fbf6579e4651e437db31a22cd2249b319.jpg)中国农科院微信公众号\n\n[![Image 4](https:\u002F\u002Fwww.caas.cn\u002Fstatic2022\u002Fimages\u002Fmenu_logo.png)](https:\u002F\u002Fwww.caas.cn\u002Findex.htm)\n\n*   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Edition）》上。\n\n细菌生物膜是病原菌通过群体感应分泌形成的“保护壳”，其主要骨架由糖类物质交织而成，可显著削弱药剂渗透与免疫清除，导致田间防治效果大幅降低，是病害反复暴发的核心诱因。\n\n针对制约农业细菌性病害防治的技术瓶颈，研究团队将高活性铈引入金属有机框架，构建双金属人工水解酶，并阐明其区别于天然酶的独特催化路径。该酶具有良好的生物安全性与环境稳定性，可精准切断细菌生物膜多糖骨架的化学键，瓦解细菌防护膜，清除率超80%，杀菌率超85%。该成果突破传统杀菌剂依赖，首次将人工水解酶应用于细菌生物膜靶向清除，打破了细菌性病害缺乏特效药的产业困境，为农作物绿色防控开辟新路径。\n\n该研究得到国家自然科学基金和山东省自然科学基金等项目支持。（通讯员 李晓娟）\n\n论文链接：https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1002\u002Fanie.9481237\n\n![Image 8: 001.png](https:\u002F\u002Fwww.caas.cn\u002Fimages\u002F2026-09\u002Fe45c5f97ad2e4c81847a32cfe5fd39bc.png)\n\n打印本页\n\n关闭本页\n\n[院网信息发布与管理](https:\u002F\u002Fwww.caas.cn\u002Fywxxfbygl\u002Findex.htm)[最新动态](https:\u002F\u002Fwww.caas.cn\u002Fywxxfbygl\u002Findex.htm)\n\n*   [第7期“农科讲坛”举办 以农业农村现代化推动实现中国式现代化](https:\u002F\u002Fwww.caas.cn\u002Fxwzx\u002Fnkyw\u002F1c78565c9c5648c5b6f3e70d035deb07.htm)2026-08-31  \n*   [西梅浆加工色泽劣变规律被揭示](https:\u002F\u002Fwww.caas.cn\u002Fxwzx\u002Fkyhd\u002F958676b943cb4e229d3f617ba4f35e75.htm)2026-08-31  \n*   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京公网安备11010802048565号](http:\u002F\u002Fwww.beian.gov.cn\u002Fportal\u002FregisterSystemInfo?recordcode=11010802048565)","中国农业科学院·科研进展","2026-09-03T00:00:00Z",83,{"impact":19,"substance":151,"depth":92,"authority":20,"freshness":94,"relevant":22,"comment":195},"中国农科院烟草所开发双金属人工酶，为细菌性病害绿色防控提供新路径，发表于Angewandte Chemie，具有较高科研价值和行业影响。",[197],{"name":191,"url":188},[156,158,199,159,200],"细菌病害","生物防治",{"code":34,"slug":35,"name":36,"path":37,"parent_code":38},[203],{"code":41,"slug":42,"name":43,"path":44,"parent_code":45},{"status":47,"locked":48,"version":49,"method":50,"evidence":205},{"candidates":206,"agricultural_evidence":14},[207,211,215],{"code":41,"score":93,"supported":14,"title":208,"abstract":209,"tags":210},[156],[156],[200,156],{"code":34,"score":54,"supported":14,"title":212,"abstract":213,"tags":214},[159],[159],[159],{"code":176,"score":22,"supported":48,"title":216,"abstract":217,"tags":218},[],[],[156],[220,221],"生物防治 细菌病害 绿色防控 人工酶","生物防治 细菌病害","生物防治细菌病害绿色防控人工酶-1556",4,"2026-09-04T00:05:31.812843Z",{"id":226,"title":227,"url":228,"summary":229,"summary_zh":230,"content":8,"source_name":231,"source_url":228,"published_at":232,"category":233,"cover_url":8,"hotness":13,"is_selected":48,"score":234,"score_detail":235,"sources":238,"tags":240,"primary_topic":245,"secondary_topics":246,"classification":254,"search_phrases":307,"slug":310,"view_count":67,"doi":311,"paper":312,"created_at":354},1325,"Changing pest dynamics and pesticide use in cotton: Challenges and sustainable management","https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.14719\u002Fpst.16195","Cotton (Gossypium spp.) is one of the world’s most important fibre crops, yet its sustainability is increasingly challenged by evolving pest complexes, intensified pesticide use, climate change and climate variability. The evidence indicates current knowledge on pest dynamics, pesticide dependence and ecological interactions in cotton agroecosystems, highlighting the shift from bollworm-dominated pest complexes to the increasing prevalence of secondary pests following the widespread adoption of Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) cotton. Although Bt (Cry toxin)-based transgenic cotton technology initially reduced insecticide use against the bollworm complex, primarily lepidopteran species, the emergence of resistance among bollworms and the upsurge of certain sucking pests in recent decades have reinstated insecticide dependence for pest management. This has led to ecological imbalance, non-target toxicity, the decline of pollinator populations and natural enemy communities, biodiversity loss, environmental contamination, accumulation of residues in products and yield challenges, in addition to increased production costs. The review emphasises the critical role of integrated pest management (IPM) strategies that integrate biological control, habitat diversification, resistant cultivars and threshold-based pesticide applications to restore ecological stability. Alternative approaches such as botanical pesticides, nanoformulations and plant volatile-mediated pest regulation are highlighted as promising tools for sustainable pest control. Advances in precision agriculture, including artificial intelligence (AI), machine learning and unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV)-based pesticide delivery systems, have the potential to improve pest surveillance and reduce chemical inputs. Supply-chain procurement, certification, traceability and consumer demand can encourage lower-pesticide production, although these mechanisms require fair price incentives to avoid transferring compliance costs to smallholders. Sustainable cotton therefore requires region-specific, climate-resilient, evidence-based IPM supported by extension, market incentives, resistance monitoring and coordinated policy.","棉花（Gossypium spp.）是全球最重要的纤维作物之一，然而其可持续性正日益受到害虫群落演变、农药使用强度增加、气候变化及气候变率等因素的挑战。现有证据表明，当前对棉花农业生态系统中害虫动态、农药依赖及生态互作的认识，凸显了自苏云金芽孢杆菌（Bacillus thuringiensis, Bt）棉花广泛推广以来，害虫群落从以棉铃虫为主向次生害虫日益增多的转变。尽管基于Bt（Cry毒素）的转基因棉花技术最初减少了对棉铃虫复合体（主要为鳞翅目害虫）的杀虫剂使用，但近几十年来棉铃虫抗药性的出现及某些刺吸式害虫的激增，重新导致害虫管理对杀虫剂的依赖。这引发了生态失衡、非靶标毒性、传粉昆虫种群及天敌群落减少、生物多样性丧失、环境污染、产品中残留物积累及产量挑战，同时增加了生产成本。本综述强调了综合害虫管理（IPM）策略的关键作用，该策略整合生物防治、生境多样化、抗性品种及基于阈值的农药施用，以恢复生态稳定性。植物源农药、纳米制剂及植物挥发物介导的害虫调控等替代方法，被强调为可持续害虫防治的有前景工具。精准农业的进展，包括人工智能（AI）、机器学习及基于无人机（UAV）的农药施用系统，有望改善害虫监测并减少化学投入。供应链采购、认证、可追溯性及消费者需求可促进低农药生产，但这些机制需辅以公平价格激励，以避免将合规成本转嫁给小农户。因此，可持续棉花生产需要区域特异性、气候韧性、基于证据的IPM，并辅以推广服务、市场激励、抗性监测及协调政策支持。","Plant Science Today","2026-08-31T00:00:00Z","论文",72,{"impact":92,"substance":151,"depth":92,"authority":54,"freshness":236,"relevant":22,"comment":237},2,"综述性论文，系统分析棉花害虫动态与农药依赖问题，提出IPM与精准农业等可持续路径，对农业绿色发展有参考价值。",[239],{"name":231,"url":228},[241,242,56,243,244],"智慧农业","农业人工智能","农药减量","病虫害防治",{"code":34,"slug":35,"name":36,"path":37,"parent_code":38},[247,248],{"code":41,"slug":42,"name":43,"path":44,"parent_code":45},{"code":249,"slug":250,"name":251,"path":252,"parent_code":253},"I2","agricultural-ai","农业AI与大模型","\u002Ftopic\u002Fdigital-agriculture\u002Fagricultural-ai","I",{"status":47,"locked":48,"version":49,"method":50,"evidence":255},{"candidates":256,"agricultural_evidence":14},[257,263,268,275,283,290,297,301],{"code":41,"score":92,"supported":14,"title":258,"abstract":260,"tags":262},[259],"pesticide",[261,200,259],"农药",[243],{"code":34,"score":20,"supported":14,"title":264,"abstract":266,"tags":267},[265],"cotton",[56,265],[56],{"code":249,"score":13,"supported":14,"title":269,"abstract":270,"tags":274},[],[271,272,273],"机器学习","machine learning","artificial intelligence",[242],{"code":276,"score":140,"supported":14,"title":277,"abstract":278,"tags":282},"H6",[],[279,280,281],"生物多样性","农业生态","biodiversity",[],{"code":284,"score":21,"supported":14,"title":285,"abstract":286,"tags":289},"I1",[],[287,288],"精准农业","precision agriculture",[241],{"code":291,"score":79,"supported":14,"title":292,"abstract":293,"tags":296},"H7",[],[294,295],"气候变化","climate change",[],{"code":131,"score":67,"supported":14,"title":298,"abstract":299,"tags":300},[],[134],[],{"code":302,"score":67,"supported":14,"title":303,"abstract":304,"tags":306},"G2",[],[305],"小农户",[],[308,309],"农业人工智能 病虫害防治 农药减量 智慧农业","农业人工智能 病虫害防治","农业人工智能病虫害防治农药减量智慧农业-1325","10.14719\u002Fpst.16195",{"doi":311,"openalex_id":313,"authors":314,"venue":231,"cited_by_count":345,"oa_url":228,"card":346,"direction":352,"ingested_from":353},"W7204806269",[315,318,321,324,327,330,333,336,339,342],{"name":316,"orcid":317},"V Veeragowtham","https:\u002F\u002Forcid.org\u002F0009-0002-9822-4901",{"name":319,"orcid":320},"A. Suganthi","https:\u002F\u002Forcid.org\u002F0000-0001-7013-4459",{"name":322,"orcid":323},"M. Murugan","https:\u002F\u002Forcid.org\u002F0000-0002-7485-1153",{"name":325,"orcid":326},"P. Renukadevi","https:\u002F\u002Forcid.org\u002F0000-0001-9665-1681",{"name":328,"orcid":329},"S. Vellaikumar","https:\u002F\u002Forcid.org\u002F0000-0001-9277-457X",{"name":331,"orcid":332},"Ali Iqra","https:\u002F\u002Forcid.org\u002F0009-0008-6095-9471",{"name":334,"orcid":335},"J Kousika","https:\u002F\u002Forcid.org\u002F0000-0002-2455-5268",{"name":337,"orcid":338},"Sheela Venugopal","https:\u002F\u002Forcid.org\u002F0000-0002-4689-4105",{"name":340,"orcid":341},"Prakash Kolanchi","https:\u002F\u002Forcid.org\u002F0000-0003-1244-199X",{"name":343,"orcid":344},"Murugesh Dharani","https:\u002F\u002Forcid.org\u002F0009-0004-6705-1344",0,{"tldr":347,"method":348,"finding":349,"direction":350,"opportunity":351},"综述棉花害虫动态与农药使用变化，提出可持续管理策略。","综述文献，分析Bt棉影响、害虫抗性及IPM、精准农业等技术。","Bt棉导致次生害虫上升和抗性，需综合IPM与精准农业减少农药。","农业绿色发展与碳","可研究AI与无人机在棉花害虫监测与精准施药中的实际应用效果及小农采纳机制。","农业人工智能与决策模型","openalex","2026-09-01T23:30:34.470501Z",{"id":356,"title":357,"url":358,"summary":359,"summary_zh":8,"content":360,"source_name":361,"source_url":8,"published_at":362,"category":12,"cover_url":8,"hotness":13,"is_selected":14,"score":15,"score_detail":363,"sources":366,"tags":368,"primary_topic":371,"secondary_topics":372,"classification":373,"search_phrases":384,"slug":387,"view_count":223,"doi":8,"paper":8,"created_at":388},761,"[光明日报]攻克棉花「癌症」!我国建成全球最大最全黄萎病精准鉴定病圃——8种致病型、48亩、16个独立隔离区块","https:\u002F\u002Fipp.caas.cn\u002Fmtjj\u002Fb5e2d3f5dcef4acc9ab796a6cd254f3e.htm","中国农业科学院植物保护研究所联合西部农研中心、辽宁省农科院、石河子大学、新疆农科院植保所等多家科研院所在新疆昌吉发布棉花黄萎病防控全新解决方案,依托全球面积最大、致病型覆盖最全的精准靶向型人工病圃破解品种抗性「水土不服」难题。研究团队历时多年完成全国超1.1万株黄萎病菌菌种资源收集鉴定,首次明确黄萎病菌可分化为8种致病型,其中4种为侵染棉花的优势致病型。该病圃自2023年启动建设,总占地48亩,划分16个独立隔离区块。","被称作棉花“癌症”的黄萎病，长期以来困扰我国棉花产业高质量发展，病菌致病类型复杂、品种抗性不稳定、田间防治难度大等痛点，始终是制约抗病育种与田间防控的核心难题。\n\n8月19日，中国农业科学院植物保护研究所联合多家科研单位，在新疆昌吉发布棉花黄萎病防控全新解决方案，依托全球面积最大、致病型覆盖最全的精准靶向型人工病圃，破解品种抗性“水土不服”难题，为我国棉花稳产增收筑牢科技屏障。\n\n据了解，棉花黄萎病由大丽轮枝菌引发，是棉花生产中最顽固的毁灭性病害之一。该病菌可侵入棉花维管束内部阻断养分输送，常规药剂难以渗透起效，防治效果微乎其微。同时，病菌能形成休眠微菌核长期留存土壤，逐年累积加重病害，一旦暴发便会造成大面积减产。长期以来，种植抗病品种是防控该病最经济、最高效的手段，但田间普遍存在实验室鉴定抗病、田间种植易感病的矛盾，品种抗性不稳定问题难以根治。\n\n科研团队解释，抗性不稳的核心症结源于两大技术瓶颈。一是棉花苗期与成株期的抗病遗传机制差异显著，传统苗期实验室鉴定结果无法适配田间实际生长场景，难以指导品种科学布局；二是黄萎病菌致病类型繁杂，传统病圃仅采用单一菌株开展鉴定，与田间多元混杂的病菌种群结构严重不符，导致筛选出的抗病品种落地后快速失效。\n\n为彻底破解产业痛点，中国农科院植保所联合西部农研中心、辽宁省农科院、石河子大学、新疆农科院植保所等多家科研院所，开展系统性联合攻关。科研团队历时多年完成全国超1.1万株黄萎病菌菌种资源收集鉴定，依托3624株菌株的大规模群体基因组测序与遗传进化分析，首次明确黄萎病菌可分化为8种致病型，其中4种为侵染棉花的优势致病型，厘清了长期以来模糊不清的病菌致病类型谱系。\n\n基于这一重大基础研究成果，科研团队创新提出“精准靶向致病型”的病圃构建新思路，在新疆老龙河试验站联合建成标准化新型棉花黄萎病人工病圃。该病圃自2023年启动建设，总占地48亩，划分16个独立隔离区块，实现不同致病型菌株单独规模化扩繁、分区精准接种。经过三年持续定向培育、稳定菌源，最终建成全覆盖、精准化的黄萎病鉴定平台，填补了行业精准鉴定的技术空白。\n\n经专家组核验，该病圃是目前全球范围内面积最大、致病型覆盖最全面、鉴定精度最高的棉花黄萎病人工病圃，彻底改变了传统单一菌株鉴定的片面性，可精准测定棉花品种对各类致病型的抗性谱，实现抗病性鉴定从“模糊筛查”向“精准匹配”的跨越式升级，应用场景广阔、产业价值突出。\n\n据介绍，新型病圃的落地应用，一举打通棉花抗病育种、品种布局、病害防控全链条技术壁垒。在生产应用上，可根据各地棉田病菌致病型检测结果，因地制宜匹配适配抗病品种，彻底解决品种田间抗性不稳难题；在育种科研上，可精准解析不同品种的抗病机制、挖掘优异抗病基因，为棉花抗黄萎病品种遗传改良、多抗性基因聚合育种提供核心支撑。\n\n同时，该病圃发病性状稳定、菌种类型齐全，可广泛应用于黄萎病防控药剂、生物制剂等产品的防效验证与科学评价，也能支撑无人机高光谱监测、田间预警等新型绿色防控技术的研发落地。值得一提的是，黄萎病菌寄主范围极广，可侵染38科660余种植物，该平台的建成还能为果蔬、粮油等其他作物的黄萎病抗性鉴定、种质创新、病害预警提供通用技术支撑，赋能多元农作物绿色生产。\n\n目前，这套精准防控技术已纳入农业农村部主推技术，依托国家重点研发计划“新疆棉花病虫害演替规律与全程绿色防控技术体系集成示范”项目，在新疆主棉区规模化推广应用。该技术的落地，大幅提升了我国棉花黄萎病科学化、精准化防控水平，为保障新疆棉花产业稳产提质、筑牢国家棉花安全防线提供了坚实科技保障。","光明日报\u002F中国农业科学院植物保护研究所 2026-08-20","2026-08-20T00:00:00Z",{"impact":17,"substance":91,"depth":364,"authority":20,"freshness":140,"relevant":22,"comment":365},19,"国家级科研机构发布全球最大棉花黄萎病精准鉴定病圃，突破性成果，信息详实，权威性高，时效性强。",[367],{"name":361,"url":358},[369,27,370,28,29],"光明日报","精准鉴定病圃",{"code":34,"slug":35,"name":36,"path":37,"parent_code":38},[],{"status":47,"locked":48,"version":49,"method":50,"evidence":374},{"candidates":375,"agricultural_evidence":14},[376,380],{"code":34,"score":54,"supported":14,"title":377,"abstract":378,"tags":379},[56],[56],[27],{"code":41,"score":67,"supported":14,"title":381,"abstract":382,"tags":383},[],[62],[],[385,386],"中国农科院植保所 精准鉴定病圃 棉花黄萎病 光明日报","中国农科院植保所 精准鉴定病圃","中国农科院植保所精准鉴定病圃棉花黄萎病光明日报-761","2026-08-21T00:05:55.725082Z",{"id":390,"title":391,"url":392,"summary":393,"summary_zh":8,"content":8,"source_name":394,"source_url":8,"published_at":395,"category":12,"cover_url":8,"hotness":13,"is_selected":48,"score":396,"score_detail":397,"sources":401,"tags":403,"primary_topic":407,"secondary_topics":408,"classification":409,"search_phrases":425,"slug":428,"view_count":223,"doi":8,"paper":8,"created_at":429},3695,"昌吉州：一部手机管万亩良田 数智兴农激活产业升级新动能","https:\u002F\u002Fopen.btzx.com.cn\u002Fopen\u002Farticle\u002Farticle.html?id=ARTI1790222529767861","昌吉回族自治州作为自治区智慧农业综合改革试点，依托2+N场景体系推进智慧农业。一部手机管万亩良田模式推广面积超112万亩，亩均节水30立方米、节肥15%以上、节本增收350元。玛纳斯县建成70万亩数字化农田，棉花数字种植水平领跑全疆。","新疆兵团广播电视台","2026-09-25T00:00:00Z",75,{"impact":151,"substance":398,"depth":399,"authority":140,"freshness":21,"relevant":22,"comment":400},21,16,"自治区智慧农业试点进展，含112万亩推广面积与节水节肥增收等硬数据，产业参考价值较高。",[402],{"name":394,"url":392},[241,28,404,405,406],"棉花种植","数字农田","节水节肥",{"code":34,"slug":35,"name":36,"path":37,"parent_code":38},[],{"status":47,"locked":48,"version":49,"method":50,"evidence":410},{"candidates":411,"agricultural_evidence":14},[412,416,420],{"code":34,"score":223,"supported":14,"title":413,"abstract":414,"tags":415},[],[56],[404],{"code":284,"score":223,"supported":14,"title":417,"abstract":418,"tags":419},[],[241],[241],{"code":421,"score":22,"supported":48,"title":422,"abstract":423,"tags":424},"H1",[],[],[405],[426,427],"昌吉州 智慧农业 万亩良田","玛纳斯县 数字农田 棉花","昌吉州智慧农业万亩良田-3695","2026-09-29T00:08:18.969197Z"]