#玉米株高

央广网北京10月4日消息：玉米密植高产精准调控技术由李少昆团队研发推广，日前在新疆伊犁玉米攻关田现场实收再次刷新全国玉米高产纪录，亩产达1799.1公斤（较此前纪录高135.85公斤）。当前李少昆任农业农村部玉米单产提升工程专家指导组组长，该技术累计推广2.4亿亩、覆盖18个省区。河南新乡463万亩玉米已进入收获期，卫辉市杨大屯村种粮大户任书云种植200多亩玉米全部采用密植高产精准调控技术，每亩5500株（比去年多近500株），产量增加10%。

中国农科院玉米专家组从洛水之滨到怀川沃土、自牧野大地至豫东平原开展深耕走访、精准服务。专家组结合大田玉米产量结果和当前玉米生长中后期特点，根据地块土质、品种特性和当前长势，普及品种选择和田间管理要点，为黄淮海区域玉米大面积单产提升提供科技支撑。

中国农业科学院作物科学研究所李少昆团队研发的玉米密植高产精准调控技术在新疆伊犁玉米攻关田现场实收再次刷新全国玉米高产纪录，亩产达1799.1公斤，比此前纪录高135.85公斤。当前李少昆任农业农村部玉米单产提升工程专家指导组组长，该技术累计推广2.4亿亩覆盖18个省区，今年预计推广面积超1亿亩。

中国农业科学院蔬菜花卉研究所王晓武科研团队对白菜和甘蓝两类芸薹属作物的驯化进行了深入研究,揭示了驯化与古多倍化形成的亚基因组的关系,相关研究结果于 8 月 15 日在线发表于 Nature Genetics 上。研究完成了白菜和甘蓝类蔬菜作物代表材料的基因组重测序,构建了白菜和甘蓝类蔬菜的群体基因组变异图谱,分别确定了一大批白菜和甘蓝叶球形成与膨大根(茎)驯化选择的基因组信号与相关基因,为加快白菜类与甘蓝类蔬菜分子育种奠定了重要基础。

山东省农业科学院自主选育的鲁单9266等4个耐密抗倒玉米新品种首次在德州陵城100亩地块试种,种植密度提升至每亩6000株,集成宽窄行精播与水肥一体化技术,预计10月初进行实收测产。这是山东省农科院与德州陵城区深化院地合作、加快粮油作物单产提升的关键举措,4个新品种若试验成功将进入山东主导品种推广序列。

中国农科院作物所与北京丰度高科10月24日在河南鹤壁举办中单1130/1130D观摩测产会。6000株/亩高密度示范田实打测产，中单1130亩产达1140.62公斤，突破吨粮；转基因版中单1130D已获国家审定，兼具抗虫抗草甘膦特性。

Abstract Context Spatially explicit and accurate maize crop height maps are essential for supporting site-specific management in precision agriculture. Although low-cost unmanned aerial system (UAS)-based multispectral imagery offers a promising approach for maize crop height estimation, it’s accuracy under varying canopy conditions remains uncertain. Aims In this study, we used 3D point clouds to estimate maize crop height during sparse and dense canopy cover based on UAS-captured multispectral images and compare with light detection and ranging (LiDAR)-based estimates. Methods The 3D point clouds from multispectral images and LiDAR data were processed using a spatially localized grid (SLG) filtering approachto derive digital terrain model (DTM) and canopy surface model (CSM), which were then used to estimate maize crop height.Furthermore, two strategies were explored — (1) grid expansion, and (2) using ground reference derived during sparse canopy aspotential tools to mitigate issues during dense canopy cover for multispectral image-based estimations. Results Results showed that the crop height estimated from multispectral images during sparse canopy cover show comparable accuracy (r = 0.9, nRMSE = 32%) to LiDAR-based estimation (r = 0.81, nRMSE = 17%). The accuracy of multispectral-based estimation, however, significantly declined under dense canopy cover, where no meaningful correlation was observed (r = − 0.1, nRMSE = 61%). In contrast, LiDAR-based estimates show consistent level of accuracy under the same conditions (r = 0.78, nRMSE = 15%). When grid expansion strategy was implemented for multispectral-based estimation during the dense canopy cover, the nRMSE was observed to decrease up to 28%. Meanwhile, with the use of sparse canopy cover ground reference, the nRMSE decreased up to 17%, comparable to the LiDAR-based estimate. Conclusion Overall, these results demonstrate the potential of deriving crop heights cost-effectively using multispectral imaging from UAS. This approach offers a scalable and economically viable alternative to expensive LiDAR systems, enabling wider integration of crop height information into precision agriculture applications.

9月13日上午在麻城市举行，200亩示范田实收测产平均单产644.1公斤/亩，远高于当地玉米单产。经检测未玉115蛋白含量达13%，是普通玉米的1.6倍以上，为目前蛋白含量最高的湖北夏玉米品种。